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Types of Anxiety Disorders

Everyone experiences anxiety and fears at times, but if these feelings are severe or persistent and disrupt everyday life they may indicate an anxiety disorder. Treatments include medication and psychotherapy or talk therapy.

First, see your physician to rule out any physical ailments that might be the cause of your symptoms. A psychiatrist or other mental health specialist can diagnose the type of anxiety disorder you have.

Generalized anxiety disorder

Every person experiences anxiety at times, and there can be legitimate reasons to worry about issues like work responsibility, health, or financial. But if your anxieties become constant and take over your life, you could have a more serious anxiety disorder called generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). People with GAD have anxiety-like feelings that can influence their lives for the rest of their lives and are often difficult to manage. They tend to assume the worst and that minor problems can become major problems. GAD can affect anyone. It usually begins in childhood or adolescence but can occur at any time. It is twice as common in women and those born female.

GAD can lead to physical discomforts, such as headaches and stomachaches. It can make it difficult to fall asleep. It can also cause people to feel depressed and self-esteem erode. It can hinder the activities of work and social life. People suffering from severe, chronic GAD are at a greater chance of developing depression. However, treatment can help manage both disorders.

The specific cause of anxiety disorders is unknown, they appear to be caused by genetics and changes in brain structure that alter the way your body reacts to stress. Some experts believe that an imbalance of neurotransmitters within the brain also plays in.

GAD is not curable, however it can be controlled with psychotherapy (talk-therapy) and medications. Psychotherapy, or talk therapy, is a variety of therapies that help you identify and change unhealthy emotions, thoughts and behavior. Cognitive behavior therapy (cbt for anxiety disorders) is a form of therapy that can help you learn to control your thoughts and patterns of thinking that are distorted and reduce your fears by challenging them. Certain physical symptoms, such as heart palpitations or dizziness could be relieved by medications. They include antidepressants, benzodiazepines as well as some medicines used to treat seizures, such as hydroxyzine.

GAD is difficult to diagnose, but you should seek treatment when you are worried or if other symptoms of the disorder are noticeable. It is much easier to treat by seeking assistance early, before treating anxiety disorders and physical symptoms take over your life.

Panic disorder

This kind of anxiety disorder is characterized by repeated, intense terror and fear that reach a peak within minutes (panic attacks). The disorder can also trigger chest pain, shortness of breath or the feeling that your heart is racing or beating (heart palpitations). They often worry that their symptoms may be signs of heart attacks. People with panic disorder are at risk of developing other anxiety disorders, and may be more susceptible to depression and other health issues such as hyperthyroidism or asthma.

The cause of anxiety disorders isn't fully understood however, researchers believe they develop from a combination of factors. Some research suggests they may be due to brain circuits that regulate fear and emotion. Other studies suggest that genetics and other life experiences, such as childhood abuse or traumatic events, are typical causes of anxiety disorders. Many people who have an anxiety disorder have a first-degree relative who suffers from the condition.

People suffering from anxiety disorders may be worried constantly, even when they know that their fears are not rational. This can cause problems in social situations, work or school. In addition, some people with anxiety disorders have difficulty sleeping or eating properly. They might also experience muscle tension, irritability, and difficulty concentrating.

A person suffering from generalized anxiety disorder is likely to be plagued by many worries about everyday tasks, such as the demands of their job or family issues. They're also likely to feel tired or irritable as well as having trouble concentrating. They often worry about the safety of themselves and others.

The good news is that there are effective treatments for anxiety disorders. The treatments include medicine psychotherapy, psychotherapy and other complementary health methods. A mental health professional can help determine what disorder is causing your symptoms and suggest the best treatment. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy can help you discover how to cope with your anxieties and decrease the number of panic attacks that you suffer from. Different types of psychotherapy are available, including cognitive behavior therapy and exposure response prevention. These therapies can be done individually or in group.

Social anxiety disorder

Social anxiety disorder is a serious condition that can hinder daily life. It can cause intense anxiety, fear and avoidance of social situations. It can be present in the early years of adulthood, but it usually starts in childhood. It is usually manifested as anxiety about specific social situations, such as talking in class or going on a date, or it could be more generalized and involve the avoidance of situations that could cause being perceived as a failure by other people.

The person with SAD may realize that their fear is irrational but still feel powerless. They try to manage their symptoms by avoiding situations that cause anxiety, but this makes them more anxious. They might also develop "safety behavior" to lessen their anxiety. For example they may drink alcohol, stay silent, or avoid eye contact.

Certain people with SAD might benefit from medication in addition to psychological treatment. These antidepressants can help balance certain neurotransmitters in the brain. Some examples of these medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs).

If you or someone you know suffers from social anxiety disorder, it's important to seek treatment. If left untreated, the disorder can be debilitating and lead to other mental health issues such as depression or addiction to substances. If you or someone else who you know is experiencing suicidal thoughts, call 911, your local crisis line or text TALK (741741) to talk to a crisis counselor.

Anxiety disorders are highly treatable however, only 1 of 4 people who require treatment receive it. Treatment is impeded due to the lack of awareness about anxiety disorders, the lack of investment in mental health services, and stigma. It is also essential to make sure that your doctor is aware of the various types of anxiety disorders so that you can be properly diagnosed and treated. If you're not sure if you suffer from an anxiety disorder, ask your doctor to refer you to a mental health professional or use an online screening tool.

Specific Phobias

A person who has a specific fear has a constant and a heightened fear of one or more things, situations, animals or even other people. The fear may be unrelated to the risk that the object or situation, but they cause marked distress and interfere with functioning in daily life. Unlike the other types of anxiety disorders, specific phobias are characterized by fear of a single stimulus rather than multiple stimuli. The object or situation that is feared could be anything from heights to dogs as well as injections, flying, and the crowded spaces. The condition is widespread and is more common for women than men, and usually begins in the adolescent years or early childhood. Certain phobias aren't unreasonable fears however, the fear is real.

Children with specific phobias usually outgrow them, but if the will anxiety disorder ever go away persists in adults it can be very difficult to treat. Doctors diagnose the disorder by evaluating symptoms and their impact on the way they function in their daily lives. They are able to rule out other conditions that can be similar like agoraphobia or social anxiety disorder prior to diagnosing the phobia. In earlier editions of the DSM adult patients were required to recognize their fears that were irrational as part of the diagnostic process. However the 2013 edition states that this requirement is no longer required for adults.

There are two kinds of treatment for particular phobias: cognitive therapy and exposure therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy focuses on teaching people better natural ways to treat anxiety disorder of coping and changing their reactions to fear. Exposure-based treatment involves gradual and systematic exposure to the object or situation that is feared. A patient may start with thinking about the object or event before moving on to looking at pictures of the subject, then taking a step toward it (such as walking past an elevator), holding an imaginary snake, going to a zoo for a look at real snakes, and then taking a ride in an elevator that is crowded. Although this type of therapy cannot solve phobias however it can greatly decrease the severity of the symptoms.

Psychotherapy and medication like antidepressants and anti-anxiety drugs are also options to treat certain phobias. These treatments are generally reported to be effective by people who suffer from specific phobias.