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An proxy or proxy server. It is software which acts as an intermediary for a client and server via the internet. Without proxy servers, a user would send a request for resources directly to the server and it would deliver the resource directly back towards the customer. While this is a simple method to comprehend and implement, but the addition of proxy servers could bring benefits including improved speed as well as privacy, security and many more. As an additional layer of pass-through, the proxy serves as a security guardian of the internet, separating clients from servers.

Generally speaking, the combined system of server hardware that is paired with installed proxy software is also frequently called a proxy server. This article will discuss proxies typically considered to be software, as well as in relation to web servers. The article will provide a detailed discussion of two kinds of proxies. One being a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each kind of proxy has its own purpose and is often confused due to the resemblance of namesake convention.

This article will give you an idea of the what proxies and subtypes are, as well as their importance for the common setups. If you've read the article carefully, you'll be able understand the situations when the use of proxies is advantageous and choose the best choice between reverse proxy and forward proxy depending on the circumstance.

Understanding Forward Proxies

Forward proxy, also known as the open proxy acts as the representative of a customer who wants to send an internet request to an the server that made it. In this scenario, all attempts to make requests through the client's side will be directed directly to forward proxy. Forward proxy in place of the client, will look into the request. First, it will verify if the client is authorized to accept requests from this specific forward proxy. It will then deny any request, or send it to the server that originated it. The client is not able to have direct connection to the internet It can only access what the forward proxy allows it to access.

The most common reason to utilize forward proxies is the increased privacy or anonymity when surfing the web. Forward proxy connects to the internet as clients, and in this way, it could utilize an IP address that is different from the original IP address of the client.

Based on the way it's set up, the forward proxy can grant a number of features as well as the ability to:

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  Beware of Ad-trackers.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  Find restrictions based on the location you are in.
  
  

Forward proxies can also be used in systems that provide central security and permission-based access, like in workplaces. If all internet traffic passes through a common forward proxy and administrators are able to allow only specific clients access to the internet via a common firewall. Instead of putting firewalls installed to protect the client layer which can involve many machines that have different settings and environment, a firewall can be placed in a forward proxy layer.

It is crucial to keep in mind the forward proxy configurations need to be manually set up to permit them to be used in order to be used in reverse proxies, whereas forward proxy settings are not able to be detected by users. Based on whether or not your IP address the user is transmitted to the server from which it originated through the forward proxy privacy and security can be granted or kept in the dark.

There are many options to consider for forward proxy alternatives:

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  Apache A well-known open source web server with forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Nginx: Another renowned open-source web hosting server that has forward proxy functions.
  
  
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  Squid: A no-cost forward proxy that uses the HTTP protocol. It's not the complete Web Server System. We recommend our guide on the best way to configure Squid proxy to handle secure connections within Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante Forward proxy that makes use of the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP and HTTP, making it better suited to scenarios such as peer-to-peer communication. It is also possible to learn how to configure Dante proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

Reverse proxy serves as an intermediary between web servers and is able to handle requests from customers on behalf of. Web servers can function as a single server, or multiple servers. It could also function as an app server, such as Gunicorn. In any event, an application request is made through the internet at large. Most of the time, the request will go directly to the web server which hosts what the client is trying to find. The reverse proxy acts as a middleman to protect your server from interaction via the web's public.

From a consumer's point perspective, using reverse proxy doesn't differ from communicating with your webserver directly. It's basically similar, however the client isn't able to tell the difference. Client makes a request for an item, and gets it with no additional configuration needed by the client.

Reverse proxy providers provide features like:

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  The web server is secured centrally.
  
  
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  Sending traffic to be directed in accordance with the rules you have set.
  
  
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  The caching functionality was added to the application.
  
  

While central security can be a benefit of both forward and reverse proxy, reverse proxy applications apply this feature only to the web server layer and not to the client layer. instead of the maintenance of firewalls on Web server layers which may include multiple servers with different configurations, the majority protection of the firewall is directed towards the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, taking the responsibility of connecting to firewalls and responding to requests from clients off web servers lets them concentrate on serving the resources.

If there are multiple servers with a reverse-proxy, the reverse proxy will be also responsible for controlling which requests go at the server. There could be multiple web servers running from the same host, each offering various kinds of resources, or a combination of both. These servers could use the HTTP protocol, which is similar to a traditional web server. They may also use applications server protocols such as FastCGI. It is also possible to configure reverse proxy settings to redirect the clients towards specific servers in accordance with the service they require, or to observe certain guidelines regarding traffic load.

Reverse proxies also can take advantage of their placement over web servers with the help of caching. Massive static resources can be set up using caching rules to prevent the web server from being hit with each request, with some solutions even allowing users to upload static files directly without connecting to the web server in any way. In addition, the reverse proxy can handle compression of these files.

The well-known Nginx webserver is a wildly popular reverse proxy solution. Although the Apache web server also comes equipped with reverse proxy feature as an added feature that is available for Apache however Nginx was originally designed to and is specifically designed for the reverse proxy feature.

Differentiating Forward Proxy from reverse Proxy Use Cases

Because "forward" in addition to "reverse" are associated with a sense of directionality as well as misleading comparisons with "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic. These labels can be confusing since both types of proxy servers are able to handle requests as well as responses. A different method of distinguishing between reverse and forward proxy servers would be to study the needs of the application you're developing.

Reverse proxy is an effective tool when you're creating a solution for serving web applications on the internet. They are your web servers during any interaction through the Internet.

Forward proxy is a great tool to use if you're facing clients to use for personal purposes or in a professional setting. They represent your client traffic when you interact with the internet.

A distinction based on use rather than using the standard name conventions can aid you in avoidance of confusion.

Conclusion

The article explained what a proxy is along with two types being the reverse proxy and forward proxy. Examples of how to use them as well as a discussion of most beneficial features was used to differentiate forward proxies and reverse proxies. If you'd like to explore how to set up proxies, we suggest you go through our tutorial on how to set up Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy on Apache on the Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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